Shih Tzus are brachycephalic breeds & can suffer from Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS)

This condition arises from their anatomical features, including a short nose/flattened face, which can lead to breathing difficulties.

BOAS is caused by structural abnormalities in the airway, including:

1. Stenotic Nares: Narrow nostrils that restrict airflow.

2. Elongated Soft Palate: Excess tissue in the throat that partially obstructs the airway.

3. Everted Laryngeal Saccules: Protrusion of tissue into the airway due to chronic airway resistance.

4. Hypoplastic Trachea: A narrower-than-normal trachea.

Symptoms

1. Snoring or loud breathing or sleep apnea
2. Exercise intolerance
3. Heat sensitivity
4. Coughing, gagging, or retching
5. Difficulty breathing (especially during physical activity or in hot weather)
6. Cyanosis (bluish gums) or fainting in severe cases

Management

1. Weight control: Keeping the dog lean to minimize airway stress.

2. Exercise restrictions: Avoiding strenuous activity, particularly in hot weather.

3. Surgical intervention:
Corrective surgery (widening the nostrils/nose & shortening the elongated soft palate)

4. Environmental adjustments:
Keeping the dog in a cool, calm environment.

Prevention

1. Choose reputable breeders who prioritize health over extreme physical traits.

2. Regular veterinary check-ups to monitor symptoms & intervene early.

BOAS is manageable with proper care & early intervention & attention, but it can significantly impact a Shih Tzu’s quality of life if left untreated.